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ExamplescriptintermediateRunnableschema-validation

Ticket System

Runnable example (intermediate) for script using instructor, openai.

Key Facts

Level
intermediate
Runtime
Python • OpenAI API
Pattern
Inspectable flow with visible system boundaries
Interaction
Live sandbox • Script
Updated
14 March 2026

Navigate this example

High-level flow

How this example moves from input to execution and reviewable output
Ticket System -> Validate structured output -> User request -> System execution -> Reviewable output -> Initialize OpenAI client

Trigger

Ticket System

Runtime

Validate structured output

Outcome

User request

Why this page exists

This example is shown as both real source code and a product-facing interaction pattern so learners can connect implementation, UX, and doctrine without leaving the library.

Visual flowReal sourceSandbox or walkthroughMCP access
How should this example be used in the platform?

Use the sandbox to understand the experience pattern first, then inspect the source to see how the product boundary, model boundary, and doctrine boundary are actually implemented.

UX pattern: Inspectable flow with visible system boundaries
Source references
Library entry
models-openai-04-structured-output-instructor-04-ticket-system
Source path
content/example-library/sources/models/openai/04-structured-output/Instructor/04-ticket-system.py
Libraries
instructor, openai, pydantic
Runtime requirements
OPENAI_API_KEY
Related principles

04-ticket-system.py

python
import instructor
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
from openai import OpenAI
from enum import Enum


# --------------------------------------------------------------
# Ticket System Example with Structured Output
# --------------------------------------------------------------

# Patch the OpenAI client
client = instructor.from_openai(OpenAI())


class TicketCategory(str, Enum):
    """Enumeration of categories for incoming tickets."""

    GENERAL = "general"
    ORDER = "order"
    BILLING = "billing"


class CustomerSentiment(str, Enum):
    """Enumeration of customer sentiment labels."""

    NEGATIVE = "negative"
    NEUTRAL = "neutral"
    POSITIVE = "positive"


class Ticket(BaseModel):
    reply: str = Field(description="Your reply that we send to the customer.")
    category: TicketCategory
    confidence: float = Field(ge=0, le=1)
    sentiment: CustomerSentiment


def process_ticket(customer_message: str) -> Ticket:
    reply = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
        response_model=Ticket,
        max_retries=3,
        messages=[
            {
                "role": "system",
                "content": "Analyze the incoming customer message and predict the values for the ticket.",
            },
            {"role": "user", "content": customer_message},
        ],
    )

    return reply


# --------------------------------------------------------------
# Billing Issue Example
# --------------------------------------------------------------

ticket = process_ticket("Hi there, I have a question about my bill. Can you help me?")
assert ticket.category == TicketCategory.BILLING

ticket.reply
ticket.category
ticket.confidence
ticket.sentiment

# --------------------------------------------------------------
# Order-Related Example
# --------------------------------------------------------------

ticket = process_ticket("I would like to place an order.")
assert ticket.category == TicketCategory.ORDER
What should the learner inspect in the code?

Look for the exact place where system scope is bounded: schema definitions, prompt framing, runtime configuration, and the call site that turns user intent into a concrete model or workflow action.

Look for output contracts and validation
Look for the exact execution call
Look for what the product could expose to the user
How does the sandbox relate to the source?

The sandbox should make the UX legible: what the user sees, what the system is deciding, and how the result becomes reviewable. The source then shows how that behavior is actually implemented.

Read the implementation summary.
Step through the user and system states.
Inspect the source code with the highlighted doctrine decisions in mind.
SandboxInspectable flow with visible system boundaries
Interaction walkthrough

Use the sandbox to step through the user-visible experience, the system work behind it, and the doctrine choice the example is making.

UX explanation

The sandbox explains what the user should see, what the system is doing, and where control or inspectability must remain explicit.

AI design explanation

The page turns raw source into a product-facing pattern: what the model is allowed to decide, what the product should expose, and where deterministic code or review should take over.

Interaction walkthrough

  1. 1Read the implementation summary.
  2. 2Step through the user and system states.
  3. 3Inspect the source code with the highlighted doctrine decisions in mind.

Natural-language input

Pydantic schemaStructured parse

Schema contract

  • `task: str`
  • `completed: bool`
  • `priority: int`

Parsed result

The parsed object appears here once the schema-bound extraction runs.

What validation changes

    Used in courses and paths

    This example currently stands on its own in the library, but it still connects to the principle system and the broader example family.

    Related principles

      Runtime architecture

      Use this example in your agents

      This example is also available through the blueprint’s agent-ready layer. Use the For agents page for the public MCP, deterministic exports, and Claude/Cursor setup.

      Define triggers, context, and boundaries before increasing autonomy
      Make control, observability, and recovery explicit in the runtime
      Choose the right operational patterns before delegating to workflows